Particle+Accelerators

Particle Accelerators

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=What is a particle accelerator?=
 * A machine that accelerates particles at very high speeds using magnets and magnetic fields, creating extremely high energy levels. The particles then collide or crash into an object and scientist observe what happened to the particle, or what comes out of the particle. The picture to the right is the inside of a particle accelerator.

Why are Particle Accelerators used?

 * Physicists use accelerators to determine properties of subatomic particles of subatomic particles and their interaction. (Uses of Particle Accelerator 1). Particle accelerators have contributed greatly to iscoveries about nucleus of the atom, nuclear forces.

Who created the Particle Accelerator?
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Ernest Orlando Lawrence invented the "Cyclotron" at the University of California in 1932. It is considered the first Particle Accelerator, therefore it came about in 1932 As said in this article called "Cyclotron", "It makes use of the magnetic force on a moving charge to bend moving charges into a semicircular path between accelerations by an applied electric field. The applied electric field accelerates electrons between the "dees" of the magnetic field region." (Cyclotron 1). The picture below is the first particle accelerator ever created. The video to the right is about the first Cyclotron. **Where are Particle Accelerators used?** > s, and those rays are really mini particle accelerators. Cathode rays are basically mini particle accelerators. >
 * There are tiny cathode rays in television and X-Ray[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Location_Large_Hadron_Collider.PNG/220px-Location_Large_Hadron_Collider.PNG align="right"]]
 * There can also be larger accelerators like the Cockcroft-Walton Generator, and the largest Particle Accelerator in the world called the Large Hadron Collider. The picture to the right is of the Large Hadron Collider, the circumference is 17 miles, and it reaches depths of 574 feet underground.

= = = = = Locations of Particle Accelerators in the United States =
 * Some locations of Particle Accelerators in the US include:
 * Cornell Electron-positron Storage Ring, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (Frommberger 1)
 * Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics, University of Washington, USA (Frommberger1)
 * Idaho Accelerator Center, Pocatello, Idaho (Frommberger 1)
 * Wright Nuclear Structure Laboratory, Yale University, USA (Frommberger 1)
 * There are many more Particle Accelerators in the US, these are only a few. In total there are 37 in the United States.These Accelerators are mainly in Colleges or Laboratories, but Particle Accelerators are in every house hold. Cathode Rays from television are mini particle accelerators.

= = = = = = = = = = = Bibliography = "Particle Accelerator." //HowStuffWorks //. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Nov. 2013. Frommberger, F. "Particle Accelerators Around the World." //ELSA //. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. "Cyclotron" N.p.,n.d Web 19 Nov. 2013

By: Matt Jamieson